Carbon and Cocoa are both ways to write programs, like toolkits.
Darwin is basically Mac OS X without the graphic user interface. It's the basic parts and tools of the system but it has an old command line (i.e., text only) to work with instead of windows, menus and so forth.
I could have swarn i seen this same post on here someware before oh well here goes: Darwin= Mach based open source kernel. Carbon= Dual OS programing API works in both OS 9 and X it was an update to the previous toolkit to include newer fetures instead of writing a whole new set of API`s and forcing the developers to relearn everything they already have NOTE: this API only makes use of "some" of os x`s powerful fetures. And ths is where we come over to Cocoa. Cocoa is an OS X only Programing API witch takes use of all of OS X`s powerful fetures like pre-emptive multitasking and protected memory. This API isnt so much like the old stuff. Hope this helps
Darwin is the name of the retooled version of BSD Unix that sits under OSX,which OSX inherited from the NeXT OS,however in NeXT the kernel wasn't called Darwin.
The Carbon API's descend from the Classic Mac API's wheras the Cocoa APIs descend from Next's APIs.The Cocoa APIs are superior.
<strong>I could have swarn i seen this same post on here someware before oh well here goes: Darwin= Mach based open source kernel. Carbon= Dual OS programing API works in both OS 9 and X it was an update to the previous toolkit to include newer fetures instead of writing a whole new set of API`s and forcing the developers to relearn everything they already have NOTE: this API only makes use of "some" of os x`s powerful fetures. And ths is where we come over to Cocoa. Cocoa is an OS X only Programing API witch takes use of all of OS X`s powerful fetures like pre-emptive multitasking and protected memory. This API isnt so much like the old stuff. Hope this helps</strong><hr></blockquote>
The part about Carbon is not true. Carbon is an equal to Cocoa, and it takes advantage of all of Mac OS X's advanced features.
Only developers need to be concerned about Carbon and Cocoa. End users will see no difference on a Carbon and Cocoa program, and therefore don;t need to be concerned with what API a given program is written in.
Carbon is a revision of the Application Programming Interface (API) (the code generated when a programmer "compiles" his/her "source code", or what was originally written) in Mac OS Classic. The original interface is called "Mac OS Toolbox" AFAIK.
Carbon in Mac OS Classic manages what it gets of the memory and CPU (which is %100 if it is the front-most application). Carbon in Mac OS X lets Mac OS X manage the memory and CPU for it. This means that in 9, the App can crash the computer, but in X, only Mac OS X can.
Carbon was designed as a way to create applications which can run on both Mac OS 9 and X easily.
Cocoa is a new API. It is incredible to use. It is incredibly fast to create an application on it, easy to debug, and Mac OS X comes with tools to easily make Cocoa apps. The Mac OS X version of the popular game "Giants" was written in Cocoa, and it only took 2 weeks to write. That is amazing.
Darwin is a BSD Unix operation system. It is open source, but originally created by Apple. Mac OS X is Darwin, but with extra stuff. The extra stuff is all the applications which are graphical (ei stuff you double click on, not stuff you type on in the terminal), Cocoa, Carbon, the "Aqua" set of elements (scrollbars, window boxes, folder icons etc), and the "Quartz" system of drawing graphics.
Apple's version of Java is currently closed-source, but the new version for Jaguar is a much-improved version of the Java found in the KDE open-sourced graphics system (which is included in Darwin but not Mac OS X).
Not really. Carbon is a reimplemenation of the old MacOS Toolbox API, Cocoa is a more developed version of the old NeXTStep API. Both carry legacy concepts.
Cocoa cannot do a lot of stuff natively that we all do expect from a computer nowadays. For instance, all QuickTime use in Cocoa apps is via implicit calls to Carbon.
People should get rid of the idea that Carbon and Cocoa are incompatible worlds, if you are going MacOS-X only, you can easily mix Cocoa and Carbon in one project.
BTW: there is even a newer API available to both Carbon and Cocoa - it's called CoreFoundation.
<strong>I should point out that Apple's dev tools are not Cocoa-only; you can write programs in Carbon, Java, and many other languages with them.</strong><hr></blockquote>
Comments
Darwin is basically Mac OS X without the graphic user interface. It's the basic parts and tools of the system but it has an old command line (i.e., text only) to work with instead of windows, menus and so forth.
The Carbon API's descend from the Classic Mac API's wheras the Cocoa APIs descend from Next's APIs.The Cocoa APIs are superior.
Element, female sex substitute, that evolution guy.
<strong>I could have swarn i seen this same post on here someware before oh well here goes: Darwin= Mach based open source kernel. Carbon= Dual OS programing API works in both OS 9 and X it was an update to the previous toolkit to include newer fetures instead of writing a whole new set of API`s and forcing the developers to relearn everything they already have NOTE: this API only makes use of "some" of os x`s powerful fetures. And ths is where we come over to Cocoa. Cocoa is an OS X only Programing API witch takes use of all of OS X`s powerful fetures like pre-emptive multitasking and protected memory. This API isnt so much like the old stuff. Hope this helps</strong><hr></blockquote>
The part about Carbon is not true. Carbon is an equal to Cocoa, and it takes advantage of all of Mac OS X's advanced features.
Only developers need to be concerned about Carbon and Cocoa. End users will see no difference on a Carbon and Cocoa program, and therefore don;t need to be concerned with what API a given program is written in.
Carbon in Mac OS Classic manages what it gets of the memory and CPU (which is %100 if it is the front-most application). Carbon in Mac OS X lets Mac OS X manage the memory and CPU for it. This means that in 9, the App can crash the computer, but in X, only Mac OS X can.
Carbon was designed as a way to create applications which can run on both Mac OS 9 and X easily.
Cocoa is a new API. It is incredible to use. It is incredibly fast to create an application on it, easy to debug, and Mac OS X comes with tools to easily make Cocoa apps. The Mac OS X version of the popular game "Giants" was written in Cocoa, and it only took 2 weeks to write. That is amazing.
Darwin is a BSD Unix operation system. It is open source, but originally created by Apple. Mac OS X is Darwin, but with extra stuff. The extra stuff is all the applications which are graphical (ei stuff you double click on, not stuff you type on in the terminal), Cocoa, Carbon, the "Aqua" set of elements (scrollbars, window boxes, folder icons etc), and the "Quartz" system of drawing graphics.
Apple's version of Java is currently closed-source, but the new version for Jaguar is a much-improved version of the Java found in the KDE open-sourced graphics system (which is included in Darwin but not Mac OS X).
Barto
[quote]
Cocoa is a new API.
<hr></blockquote>
Not really. Carbon is a reimplemenation of the old MacOS Toolbox API, Cocoa is a more developed version of the old NeXTStep API. Both carry legacy concepts.
Cocoa cannot do a lot of stuff natively that we all do expect from a computer nowadays. For instance, all QuickTime use in Cocoa apps is via implicit calls to Carbon.
People should get rid of the idea that Carbon and Cocoa are incompatible worlds, if you are going MacOS-X only, you can easily mix Cocoa and Carbon in one project.
BTW: there is even a newer API available to both Carbon and Cocoa - it's called CoreFoundation.
[ 07-15-2002: Message edited by: Smircle ]</p>
<strong>I should point out that Apple's dev tools are not Cocoa-only; you can write programs in Carbon, Java, and many other languages with them.</strong><hr></blockquote>
Carbon is not a programming language.
Barto