An unprecedented look into TSMC gives insight into iPhone chip production

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A in-person visit to a TSMC plant has granted rare insight into the company that's responsible for the trillions of transistors running the world's processors, including Apple's.

Building Apple's proprietary chips is a complex process
Building Apple's proprietary chips is a complex process


TSMC is a highly secretive company churning out one of the world's most valuable assets -- semiconductors. Apple is one of its many customers which needs parts for its proprietary Apple Silicon.

The report is sourced from Virginia Heffernan, writing for Wired, who was able to visit a TSMC plant in person. The journey to the fab was documented along with the visit itself, and we've pulled some interesting information from the story.

According to Heffernan, one of TSMC's 13 foundries carves and etches a quintillion transistors for Apple. The specific fab for this is Fab 18 in Tainan.

TSMC is a popular company to work for, with its 20,000 technicians that make up only one-third of the workforce. The starting salary for an engineer is equivalent to about $5,400 per month -- in a place where rent is about $450 for a one-bedroom.

Heffernan met with TSMC chairman Mark Liu during her visit. They discussed the company and why religion is a common aspect among employees.

"We are doing atomic constructions," Liu told Heffernan. "I tell my engineers, 'Think like an atomic-sized person.'"

He also cited a passage from Proverbs: "It's the glory of God to conceal matter. But to search out the matter is the glory of men."

Heffernan noted that TSMC engineers view American engineers as "babies" who are mentally unequipped to run a state-of-the-art fab. This was in response to Americans reacting to the plant's conditions during an overseas training session, referring to them as "sweatshops."

TSMC is expected to open a plant in Arizona after investing $40 billion into bringing fabrication stateside. Once operational, Apple will be among its initial customers for US-made chips.

Read on AppleInsider

Comments

  • Reply 1 of 14
    timmilleatimmillea Posts: 257member
    "A in-person visit" should be "An in-person visit".
    "
    $450 for a one-bedroom." should be "$450 for a one-bedroom apartment." 

    On the subject of the matter, the comment that American engineers regard TSMC's working conditions as "sweatshop", we in the UK would have the same comment about US work and pay - long hours and little annual paid holiday. Then the average European would think the same about us in the UK. It appears there is a hierarchy. It is probably best to be a worker in Spain or France where the hours are short, they have siestas, 6 weeks+ annual paid holiday, a high statutory minimum wage, early retirement and very generous pensions. If you are the owner of a business, the opposite is true. Working conditions in Taiwan are like those in the UK 100 years ago and the US is somewhere in between. 
    blastdoorBart Ywaveparticlewilliamlondonwatto_cobra
  • Reply 2 of 14
    blastdoorblastdoor Posts: 3,579member
    I saw a term the other day that I had not previously seen— “computational lithography.”

    It made me realize there’s a LOT more to fabbing these chips than what happens inside the fab.
    Bart Ywatto_cobra
  • Reply 3 of 14
    radarthekatradarthekat Posts: 3,903moderator
    Such an odd little collection of take-always from what should be a deep technical dive.
    edited March 2023 dewmetenthousandthingswatto_cobra
  • Reply 4 of 14
    timmillea said:
     It is probably best to be a worker in Spain or France where the hours are short, they have siestas, 6 weeks+ annual paid holiday, a high statutory minimum wage, early retirement and very generous pensions.
    Excuse me, but this is simply not true. People in Spain work long hours. Probably they spend more than average time eating, but then compensate it with a longer day than, say in Germany or even UK. Siestas? You must be kidding. Short of 4 weeks annual paid holiday, yes. The minimum wage is certainly not high, and the pension depends on how many years have been working. 
    watto_cobra
  • Reply 5 of 14
    bloggerblogbloggerblog Posts: 2,524member
    I’ll say this again, the talent that work in those super high tech facilities are highly desired and well paid. Companies in Europe and the US will love to recruit them and offer them citizenship. It is naive to assume they are underpaid. They own nice homes and drive expensive cars. As with every other manufacturer, there’s crunch time and these facilities offer boarding so they don’t have to drive hours from work to home. 
    Talentless and repetitive tasks in low to no tech facilities are where you’ll find underpaid workers. 
    A high tech facility will not risk hiring someone who has no experience around sensitive equipment. 
    watto_cobra
  • Reply 6 of 14
    jfabula1jfabula1 Posts: 172member
    American Engineers are babies? I disagrees, BIG babies maybe but no pacifiers. 
    Most experienced & talented Engineers are mostly transplant from other parts of the world.
    watto_cobra
  • Reply 7 of 14
    mjpbuymjpbuy Posts: 22member
    The assumption that Europe is a high cost manufacturing region is NOT universally true.
    Our company made an analysis and it turned out that while in Italy the quality of life is very good,
    the cost of production is comparable to Mexico for our specific case.
    Moderate production rate for a robot, with the addition of high production rate of a big value consumable.

    Most persons here work 8-9 days with a high work rate.  
    Perhaps more than in the USA in my 20 years experience there ), plus the work force is much better educated
    watto_cobra
  • Reply 8 of 14
    timmilleatimmillea Posts: 257member
    Dooofus said:
    timmillea said:
    "A in-person visit" should be "An in-person visit".
    "$450 for a one-bedroom." should be "$450 for a one-bedroom apartment." 

    On the subject of the matter, the comment that American engineers regard TSMC's working conditions as "sweatshop", we in the UK would have the same comment about US work and pay - long hours and little annual paid holiday. Then the average European would think the same about us in the UK. It appears there is a hierarchy. It is probably best to be a worker in Spain or France where the hours are short, they have siestas, 6 weeks+ annual paid holiday, a high statutory minimum wage, early retirement and very generous pensions. If you are the owner of a business, the opposite is true. Working conditions in Taiwan are like those in the UK 100 years ago and the US is somewhere in between. 
    Yes. America (mostly) has paid for the defense of Europe for the last 80 years. Not surprisingly, they can afford lavish social programs.
    When the US belatedly took part in WW2 because of the attack on Pearl Harbour - it was 'neutral' for over two years if not leaning towards the Nazis - instead of helping an ally it provided assistance at a price. That price was only finished being repaid by the UK in 2006. It is a modern US politically-motivated myth that the US has paid for the defence of Europe. The UK did and continues to do so along with other European NATO and EU partners. Goodness know what price will be extracted from Ukraine for the current US 'assistance', but I imagine there will be a good profit in it. People always get rich from wars, especially in the US.
    aderutterwilliamlondondewmewatto_cobra
  • Reply 9 of 14
    waveparticlewaveparticle Posts: 1,497member
    timmillea said:
    Dooofus said:
    timmillea said:
    "A in-person visit" should be "An in-person visit".
    "$450 for a one-bedroom." should be "$450 for a one-bedroom apartment." 

    On the subject of the matter, the comment that American engineers regard TSMC's working conditions as "sweatshop", we in the UK would have the same comment about US work and pay - long hours and little annual paid holiday. Then the average European would think the same about us in the UK. It appears there is a hierarchy. It is probably best to be a worker in Spain or France where the hours are short, they have siestas, 6 weeks+ annual paid holiday, a high statutory minimum wage, early retirement and very generous pensions. If you are the owner of a business, the opposite is true. Working conditions in Taiwan are like those in the UK 100 years ago and the US is somewhere in between. 
    Yes. America (mostly) has paid for the defense of Europe for the last 80 years. Not surprisingly, they can afford lavish social programs.
    When the US belatedly took part in WW2 because of the attack on Pearl Harbour - it was 'neutral' for over two years if not leaning towards the Nazis - instead of helping an ally it provided assistance at a price. That price was only finished being repaid by the UK in 2006. It is a modern US politically-motivated myth that the US has paid for the defence of Europe. The UK did and continues to do so along with other European NATO and EU partners. Goodness know what price will be extracted from Ukraine for the current US 'assistance', but I imagine there will be a good profit in it. People always get rich from wars, especially in the US.
    Historians are mostly wrong about WWII. US and UK have chosen to side with Nazis in the early years because the ulterior motive is combat communism. And Hitler is anti-communism. 
  • Reply 10 of 14
    waveparticlewaveparticle Posts: 1,497member
    Liu does not know the real hero of TSMC achievement is the American company Applied Materials. AMAT makes very expensive chip equipment. The cost is not just the material used. It has 34,000 employees. TSMC engineers can use various capabilities of the equipment to fab the chips. Without these capabilities the engineers could not advance the chip from 7nm to 5nm to 4nm. 
    williamlondon
  • Reply 11 of 14
    netroxnetrox Posts: 1,504member
    "Heffernan noted that TSMC engineers view American engineers as "babies" who are mentally unequipped to run a state-of-the-art fab. This was in response to Americans reacting to the plant's conditions during an overseas training session, referring to them as "sweatshops.""

    This is SO true. That's why I cringe when Americans whine about "sweatshops" when in reality, workers take pride of their hard work. Americans are so spoiled and self centered thinking that they are the ones to know what's best and pretend to "stand up and fight" for the "unfortunate." Extremely condescending. 


    williamlondonwatto_cobra
  • Reply 12 of 14
    danoxdanox Posts: 3,407member
    timmillea said:
    Dooofus said:
    timmillea said:
    "A in-person visit" should be "An in-person visit".
    "$450 for a one-bedroom." should be "$450 for a one-bedroom apartment." 

    On the subject of the matter, the comment that American engineers regard TSMC's working conditions as "sweatshop", we in the UK would have the same comment about US work and pay - long hours and little annual paid holiday. Then the average European would think the same about us in the UK. It appears there is a hierarchy. It is probably best to be a worker in Spain or France where the hours are short, they have siestas, 6 weeks+ annual paid holiday, a high statutory minimum wage, early retirement and very generous pensions. If you are the owner of a business, the opposite is true. Working conditions in Taiwan are like those in the UK 100 years ago and the US is somewhere in between. 
    Yes. America (mostly) has paid for the defense of Europe for the last 80 years. Not surprisingly, they can afford lavish social programs.
    When the US belatedly took part in WW2 because of the attack on Pearl Harbour - it was 'neutral' for over two years if not leaning towards the Nazis - instead of helping an ally it provided assistance at a price. That price was only finished being repaid by the UK in 2006. It is a modern US politically-motivated myth that the US has paid for the defence of Europe. The UK did and continues to do so along with other European NATO and EU partners. Goodness know what price will be extracted from Ukraine for the current US 'assistance', but I imagine there will be a good profit in it. People always get rich from wars, especially in the US.
    That sounds like how China is behaving towards Russia today, charging the Russians, a higher price for everything and giving them the bare minimum…. Chinese style capitalism, the Chinese appear to have learned a lot from the Opium Wars and the Boxer Rebellion.
    edited March 2023 williamlondon
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